Of course that doesn't mean that a knitter has to learn the Eastern knitting method in order to enjoy a single ply yarn, and crocheters are very used to working with S-plied yarns. After a few rows your fingers become used to your yarn and the level of care that you need to take to form stitches with it. Plus any stray loops in your knitting can often be fixed by dropping a stitch down to that point and collecting them in.
But it is easier to work with yarn when you are adding twist as you work. Many crochet cotton threads are Z-plied for this reason and there are a few Z-plied yarns available for crochet and also for twined knitting, a technique which leads to excess twist in an S-plied yarn.
Yarns with a 'cabled' or 'crepe' construction also usually have a final Z-twist. In these yarns, singles are Z-twisted, then plied together with an S-twist, then those 2 ply yarns are plied together again with a final Z twist.
Cable yarns are said to be very hard-wearing and less susceptible to pilling, though all that plying means they won't feel as soft as a yarn with a lower total twist. Even if you can't get hold of a Z-plied yarn, at least avoid using a loosely S-plied yarn for crochet, since you'll be taking even more twist out as you work with it. And if you don't like the lack of twist as in the picture at the top that results from using a Z-spun single ply yarn for a cable cast on, try working it the 'wrong' way: wrap the yarn for the new stitch over, down and round the needle rather than under, up and round , and slip the new stitch off the right hand needle by moving the left hand needle through the new loop towards you, not away from you.
Both of these actions add twist to a Z-spun yarn instead of removing it and make little difference to the look of the cast on edge. This is continued until all of the fiber is spun or until the spindle is full. A major improvement was the spinning wheel, invented in India between and A. A horizontally mounted spindle is connected to a large, hand-driven wheel by a circular band. The distaff is mounted at one end of the spinning wheel and the fiber is fed by hand to the spindle, which turns as the wheel turns.
A component called the flyer twists the thread just before it is wound on a bobbin. The spindle and bobbin are attached to the wheel by separate parts, so that the bobbin turns more slowly than does the spindle. Thus, thread can be twisted and wound at the same time. About years later, the Saxon wheel was introduced. Operated by a foot pedal, the Saxon wheel allowed both hands the freedom to work the fibers.
A number of developments during the eighteenth century further mechanized the spinning process. In , the flying shuttle was invented by John Kay, followed by Hargreaves' spinning jenny in The jenny featured a series of spindles set in a row, enabling one operator to produce large quantities of yarn. Several years later Richard Arkwright patented the spinning frame, a machine that used a series of rotating rollers to draw out the fibers.
A decade later Samule Cromptons' mule machine was invented, which could spin any type of yarn in one continuous operation. The ring frame was invented in by the American John Thorp and is still widely used today. This system involves hundreds of spindles mounted vertically inside a metal ring. Many natural fibers are now spun by the open-end system, where the fibers are drawn by air into a rapidly rotating cup and pulled out on the other side as a finished yarn.
About 15 different types of fibers are used to make yarn. These fibers fall into two categories, natural and synthetic. Natural fibers are those that are obtained from a plant or an animal and are mainly used in weaving textiles. The most abundant and commonly used plant fiber is cotton, gathered from the cotton boil or seed pod when it is mature. In fact, cotton is the best-selling fiber in America, outselling all synthetic fibers combined.
Fibers taken from the plant leaf or stern are generally used for rope. Other plant fibers include acetate made from wood pulp or cotton linters and linen, made from flax, a vegetable fiber.
Animal fibers include wool, made from sheep hair, and mohair, made from angora goats and rabbits. Silk is a protein extruded in long, continuous strands by the silkworm as it weaves its cocoon. Synthetic fibers are made by forcing a thick solution of polymerized chemicals through spinneret nozzles and hardening the resulting filament in a chemical bath.
These include acrylic, nylon, polyester, polyolefin, rayon, spandex, and triacetate. Some of these fibers have similar characteristics to the natural fibers without the shrinkage problems.
Other fibers have special properties for specific applications. As it is quite cool to the touch, silk yarn is ideal for knitting summer garments. Silk yarn is also one of the more expensive yarn types. Bamboo is a soft, breathable yarn fiber that may have antibacterial properties.
Bamboo yarn is ideal for making garments that require drape. Acrylic yarn is a synthetic fiber yarn that is cheaper than most natural fiber yarns. Wool yarn is ideal for knitting winter garments as it offers a nice warm feel. It is one of the most common types of yarn fiber in use today. Unlike cotton yarn, wool yarn blocks very well and does not highlight the irregularities in the stitching. It can also be cleaned very easily when stained.
Wool can be slightly itchy, however. Different types of wool are used to make yarn , and they have distinct properties and strengths. Some of the popular types include cashmere wool, merino wool, and alpaca wool.
Cashmere wool is gotten from Cashmere goats and other goat species. Cashmere wool is ideal for knitting clothing accessories. Merino wool is a very common type of wool yarn that is used for knitting. It comes from the Merino breed of sheep. Alpaca wool is best for knitting sweaters and other winter projects thanks to its super warm feel. Wool is very elastic and retains its shape when stretched. Thus, it is resistant to wrinkling and ideal for knitting items that require some elasticity such as gloves.
In addition to being elastic, wool fiber is also very sturdy and durable. It can withstand quite a bit of wear and tear. Knit loose, large stitches for optimal loft. Unevenly spun yarn like boucled, chenille, or slubby yarn will produce uneven knits and a reduced stitch definition.
Spun from the fleece of sheep and one of the most popular yarns, wool is accessibly priced and easy to handle. It works well for knitwear garments in both the winter for its durability and resistance to moisture as well as the summer for its breathability and moisture-wicking.
It's often mixed in a blend with other fibers to improved durability. Naturally, wool is a creamy white and therefore can be dyed a range of colors. Unfortunately, wool is prone to pilling over time. This fluffy, luxurious fiber is known for its soft sheen and lightness despite being one of the warmest animal fibers. It is more expensive than wool. Mohair is very elastic-stretching and springing back to shape so it resists wrinkling and sagging.
Because it is so fluffy, it can be hard to knit-especially if you want defined stitches. It is often blended with silk or wool to add weight. It can also irritate the skin causing itchiness despite having a low-allergenic risk. This is a natural plant fiber and one of the most common. It is fairly inexpensive. Because it is so smooth, it's great for showing off complicated stitchwork. It has great drape, however it is inelastic and prone to splitting in the middle of your knitting.
Due to its superb quality, this is a true luxury yarn. Softness actually improves with wear. Because of its superior insulation, it is well-suited for winter cardigans and accessories.
Not to mention, it is beautiful-associated with a fine cloudlike halo. It is typically blended with other fibers to make the cost more accessible. It does not breathe as well as other natural fibers, although you can stitch loosely to accommodate this, and is prone to pilling.
This comes from the fur of the angora rabbit.
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